Artificial Reproductive Technologies Essay examples -- Infertility Pre

Artificial Reproductive Technologies Introduction Today about 15% of all couples in the United States have fertility problems. 40% of the problems attributed with the man and 50% with the woman and the other 10% is unexplained or due to both partners. Couples today are waiting longer to start families than their parents, this has an effect on fertility of the couple. A woman has a harder time trying to after the age of 30. So, when a couple decides that they want to start a family and can not, what options do they have? Due to the advancements in technology over the past 20 years, these couples now have options with Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Although these options are available, the question still remains; Are they ethical? What Causes Infertility? When a couple is infertile, the problem can exist with the man, woman or with both. In natural reproduction it has been estimated that even when sperm does reach the egg, only 84/100 are fertilized, 69/100 implant, 42/100 survive the first week of pregnancy and 31/100 survive to birth. So even in fertile couples, the odds are not totally on their side. Infertility can be caused by sources other than purely medical reasons like the standard of living, stress, and pollutants in the environment. Starting a family later in life also increases the chance of a couple being infertile. There are two main causes of female infertility: tubal disease and endometriosis. Tubal disease is a disorder in which the fallopian tubes are blocked or damaged. Fallopian tubes are thin tubes leading from each of a woman's two ovaries to her uterus, through which eggs travel and in which they are fertilized. Scar tissue, infections or tubal litigation usually causes this ... ...y for infertile couples. I believe that embryos have a right to life. I think that society is fortunate to have people that want to be surrogate mothers. I am sad for the orphans because they seem to get the short end of the stick in this deal. As more couples find ways to have their own children, less couples are looking into adoption. Bibliograhy Alpern, Kenneth D. 1992. "The Ethics of Reproductive Technology" Oxford University Press: New York Caplan, Arthur L. 1995. "Human Reproduction Emerging Technologies, and Conflicting Rights" Library of Congress: Washington Cunnimgham, Paige C. 2000. "The reproductive Revolution" William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company: Cambridge Gosden, Roger. 1999. "Desiging Babies" W.H. Freeman and Company: New York Hildt, Elisabeth. 1998. "In Vitro Fertilisation in the 1990's" Ashgate Publishing Company:Great Britian Artificial Reproductive Technologies Essay examples -- Infertility Pre Artificial Reproductive Technologies Introduction Today about 15% of all couples in the United States have fertility problems. 40% of the problems attributed with the man and 50% with the woman and the other 10% is unexplained or due to both partners. Couples today are waiting longer to start families than their parents, this has an effect on fertility of the couple. A woman has a harder time trying to after the age of 30. So, when a couple decides that they want to start a family and can not, what options do they have? Due to the advancements in technology over the past 20 years, these couples now have options with Assisted Reproductive Technologies (ART). Although these options are available, the question still remains; Are they ethical? What Causes Infertility? When a couple is infertile, the problem can exist with the man, woman or with both. In natural reproduction it has been estimated that even when sperm does reach the egg, only 84/100 are fertilized, 69/100 implant, 42/100 survive the first week of pregnancy and 31/100 survive to birth. So even in fertile couples, the odds are not totally on their side. Infertility can be caused by sources other than purely medical reasons like the standard of living, stress, and pollutants in the environment. Starting a family later in life also increases the chance of a couple being infertile. There are two main causes of female infertility: tubal disease and endometriosis. Tubal disease is a disorder in which the fallopian tubes are blocked or damaged. Fallopian tubes are thin tubes leading from each of a woman's two ovaries to her uterus, through which eggs travel and in which they are fertilized. Scar tissue, infections or tubal litigation usually causes this ... ...y for infertile couples. I believe that embryos have a right to life. I think that society is fortunate to have people that want to be surrogate mothers. I am sad for the orphans because they seem to get the short end of the stick in this deal. As more couples find ways to have their own children, less couples are looking into adoption. Bibliograhy Alpern, Kenneth D. 1992. "The Ethics of Reproductive Technology" Oxford University Press: New York Caplan, Arthur L. 1995. "Human Reproduction Emerging Technologies, and Conflicting Rights" Library of Congress: Washington Cunnimgham, Paige C. 2000. "The reproductive Revolution" William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company: Cambridge Gosden, Roger. 1999. "Desiging Babies" W.H. Freeman and Company: New York Hildt, Elisabeth. 1998. "In Vitro Fertilisation in the 1990's" Ashgate Publishing Company:Great Britian